Double taxation: the questions a buyer from Bogotá settles before buying in La Boquilla

A property in Colombia can carry tax consequences in two countries at once, and neither is settled at the sales office. What follows are not answers: they are the questions a buyer from Bogotá needs settled before signing, and who to put them to.

We do not state here which countries have a treaty with Colombia, nor what anyone is required to declare, and the reason is practical: those lists and rules get amended, and one wrong assertion would repeat across every page. What can be set out is how the problem is built. There are two tax administrations with their own rules; there are two moments treated differently —holding the property, with its rental income, and selling it, with its ganancia ocasional (the gain taxed on sale)— and there is a personal condition, tax residence, which is not chosen but determined by rules and which changes what is withheld and what is filed. The DIAN is the authority on the Colombian side; the other side needs an accountant in that country; and the Cancillería explains the apostille of the certificates each administration will ask the other for. The seller substitutes for none of those three conversations.

The mortgage comes from a Colombian bank, against a local credit history, not from a bank abroad and not from the seller: the bank pulls your record from the centrales de riesgo, the credit bureaus, asks for proof of income and orders its own avalúo, the appraisal, and title study. Whoever answers for the approval is the bank's mortgage department, not the sales office. Ask in writing for the approval letter and the disbursement instructions, because each disbursement is supported by a different document: first the promesa de compraventa, the purchase promise, and then the escritura once registered with the mortgage recorded on it. The money does not enter through the regulated exchange market and there is no foreign investment to register with the Banco de la República; what does have to be assembled is proof of the source of funds, which is a separate matter and is requested by the bank and the notaría. You can sign in person, so no poder and no apostille are needed, yet you manage the property from another city: settle who receives it, who pays the predial, the property tax, and the building fee, and who issues the paz y salvo, the clearance certificate, before each step. What sets you apart from a Medellín buyer is not the law, which is the same, but the channel: your file is usually studied in the city where you live. Tax questions go to the DIAN and to an accountant.

Buying here rarely means dealing with a private owner holding a clean folio de matrícula inmobiliaria, the registry record of a property. The counterparty is usually a family that has occupied the land for generations and documents its right with private papers, or a consejo comunitario, a community council whose legal representation is certified by the Ministerio del Interior rather than by a notary. That is the first procedural difference: before price comes up you need to know who may sign and under what acta, or board resolution, they were authorized, because a deal with someone who does not represent the collective never becomes a registrable deed. The second is that land in this corregimiento, an outlying township, passed down by occupation and inheritance with no registered partition, so what exists is often an unsettled sucesión, an estate proceeding, with boundaries described by neighbors. The third is authority: along this strip the District does not decide alone, because Cardique, the environmental agency, and DIMAR, the maritime authority, both weigh in, and on collective territory consulta previa, prior consultation, also applies. Infrastructure is uneven: the Anillo Vial is a major road and the village's inner streets are another matter, with water connections and wastewater worth confirming with the utility before counting on them.

What is specific to La Boquilla

What to verify, step by step

1. Ask the DIAN, about your own case, how tax residence is determined, what is reported in Colombia for holding the property and what is reported on its sale, and which withholdings apply to someone who is not a tax resident.
2. The questions a buyer from Bogotá has to settle before closing: what the bank requires in order to study the loan, who approves it and which document supports each disbursement, asked in writing before you sign the promesa; what proof of source of funds the bank and the notaría want, which is not the same thing as registering foreign investment and who receives the property, who pays the predial and the building fee, and who issues the paz y salvo while you live in another city.
3. Take those same questions to an accountant in your own country and ask in writing whether a treaty exists between Colombia and that country and, if it does, what it says about rental income and about ganancia ocasional. That answer is theirs to give, not the DIAN's and not ours.
4. Ask the Cancillería which tax-residence certificates and which documents need an apostille or legalisation for one administration to accept them from the other.
5. Before transferring, confirm with the Banco de la República how the investment ends up registered, because the exchange registration is what later supports moving funds out, and the tax question is asked on that basis.
6. Decide with your accountant, before the promesa and not after, whether you buy personally or through a company, because the titleholder does not change without another deed.

Mistakes that cost money

• Asking about tax after signing. The structure of the purchase is decided beforehand, and it is the only part still open to choice.
• Assuming a treaty exists because someone said so in a buyers' group. Whether one exists, and what it says, is confirmed in writing by an accountant in each country.
• Believing that if tax was withheld in Colombia there is nothing left to do at home. There are two administrations and two separate filings; how they interact is exactly the question to settle.

Frequently asked questions

Is there a treaty between Colombia and my country?

We neither assert nor deny it here: the list is amended and a stale answer would cost you money. Ask the DIAN and an accountant in your own country, and get the answer in writing.

Will I pay twice on the same thing?

That is the right question and it has no general answer: it depends on your tax residence, on each country's rules and on whether a treaty exists. It is the conversation to have with an accountant in each country before signing.

Can a buyer from Bogotá handle this without an accountant?

The DIAN explains the Colombian side, but neither administration resolves the combination of the two for you. That is what the accountant in each country is for.

Where to check it

• DIAN — the tax ID, withholding on sale and the capital gains tax
• Cancillería de Colombia — current visa requirements and the apostille of foreign documents
• Banco de la República — registration of foreign investment and the official exchange rate
• Cartagena de Indias — the rules of the municipality La Boquilla belongs to

Official bodies. Specific figures are requested there, not copied from a listing.

Updated 2026-11-06